互動式函數#

這提供了互動式函數的使用範例,例如 ginput、waitforbuttonpress 和手動 clabel 位置。

注意

此範例練習 Matplotlib 的互動式功能,這將不會出現在靜態文件中。請在您的電腦上執行此程式碼以查看互動性。

您可以複製和貼上個別部分,或使用頁面底部的連結下載整個範例。

import time

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np


def tellme(s):
    print(s)
    plt.title(s, fontsize=16)
    plt.draw()

透過點擊三個點定義三角形

plt.figure()
plt.xlim(0, 1)
plt.ylim(0, 1)

tellme('You will define a triangle, click to begin')

plt.waitforbuttonpress()

while True:
    pts = []
    while len(pts) < 3:
        tellme('Select 3 corners with mouse')
        pts = np.asarray(plt.ginput(3, timeout=-1))
        if len(pts) < 3:
            tellme('Too few points, starting over')
            time.sleep(1)  # Wait a second

    ph = plt.fill(pts[:, 0], pts[:, 1], 'r', lw=2)

    tellme('Happy? Key click for yes, mouse click for no')

    if plt.waitforbuttonpress():
        break

    # Get rid of fill
    for p in ph:
        p.remove()

現在根據與三角形角落的距離繪製等高線 - 只是一個範例

# Define a nice function of distance from individual pts
def f(x, y, pts):
    z = np.zeros_like(x)
    for p in pts:
        z = z + 1/(np.sqrt((x - p[0])**2 + (y - p[1])**2))
    return 1/z


X, Y = np.meshgrid(np.linspace(-1, 1, 51), np.linspace(-1, 1, 51))
Z = f(X, Y, pts)

CS = plt.contour(X, Y, Z, 20)

tellme('Use mouse to select contour label locations, middle button to finish')
CL = plt.clabel(CS, manual=True)

現在進行縮放

tellme('Now do a nested zoom, click to begin')
plt.waitforbuttonpress()

while True:
    tellme('Select two corners of zoom, middle mouse button to finish')
    pts = plt.ginput(2, timeout=-1)
    if len(pts) < 2:
        break
    (x0, y0), (x1, y1) = pts
    xmin, xmax = sorted([x0, x1])
    ymin, ymax = sorted([y0, y1])
    plt.xlim(xmin, xmax)
    plt.ylim(ymin, ymax)

tellme('All Done!')
plt.show()

Sphinx-Gallery 產生的圖庫